Macroeconomics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 5

Macroeconomics - Essay Example While this was unfavourable for many investors who had invested in treasury bills, it provided an opportunity for investment banks to borrow money at this low interest rate and invest in real estate industry where they would get good returns. In this case, the bank would turn the borrowed money into securities which it would sell to home owners and get regular payments from all those mortgages. Initially, this turned out to be a highly profitable venture for both the lenders and the banks with up to 10% return on investment. However, with time most people who could afford a mortgage had taken one and this caused a reduction in the number of new mortgage applicants. This compelled the banks to open up the mortgages to other potential home owners by removing all restrictions on securities. This encouraged many home owners to take up mortgages. Unfortunately, many could not afford to repay the mortgages. This led to a high number of defaulters and higher-than-expected home foreclosure rates. Suddenly, there were too many homes up for sale in the market which exceeded the demand thereby resulting in a decline in the home value. The financial market had a major role to play in the 2007 great recession. First, the low interest rates offered by the central bank in response to the 9/11 tragedy fuelled the already rising housing bubble by the sub-prime mortgages and the related derivatives. In addition, the absence of regulation of the financial institutions involved in the sub-prime mortgage lending led to unprecedented growth of the real estate market and so did fraud. The bursting of the housing bubble led to meltdown of the three principal derivative securities that had guarded the industry, namely Collateralized Debt Obligation (CDO), Mortgage Backed Securities (MBS) and Credit Default Swap (CDS) which eventually paralyzed the very supple and resilient financial market with its spill over into the entire

Tourism - Operation Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Tourism - Operation Management - Essay Example Handling the transport of the visitors is a major concern for tourist sector because it would influence the activities of major hotels that would be hosting visitors (Alcantara, 2012:1). A delay created by the transport department would reverberate to influence programs of tourism industry. The intention of this paper is to investigate London 2012’s, current transportation network, and how it may affect the transfer of clients during the duration of their stay. The paper will recommend how tour operator business can ensure good performance while delivery high quality. London has embarked on infrastructure development, which includes building of rail line, expansion of roads as well refurbishing of personal houses be individuals. The private sector expects to rent their apartments to Olympics tourists. Stores have made adequate arrangement for goods in the wake of the Olympics. Goal of London Olympics Olympics has diverse goals which aim at creating development opportunities, p romoting women interest, protecting athletics, creating of avenues, which bring sustainable development and creating sporting opportunity during summer. The current situation London transport system depends on the services of trains, roads, underground trains, and air transport. Since UK got the opportunity to host Olympics think tanks have been assessing the current trends of transport network with a view of meeting needs of visitors that London would host. Current reports shows that London trains, buses and underground trains struggle to make 12 million journeys in a day. The figure is likely to rise following the demands that the transport sector would meet during Olympics. Organizers of the Olympics believe that London will have to meet the needs of 3 million extra journeys. London expects to host 10,500 athletes, 20,000 journalists, and 9,000 officials (Travis, 2011:16). The major concern is the ability of the transport system to facilitate timely arrival of the athletes. The c hallenges have necessitated creation of a program, which intends to upgrade the transport sector to cope with the anticipated number. Tour sector has numerous services, which include transportation, booking, reservation, ticketing among others. The sector host taxi operators as well as tour cars that offer services from one destination to the other. The road situation in London has an ability of supporting a given number of vehicles thereby influencing the approach that London Olympic committee would take (Great Britain. 2006:132). The idea is to meet the needs of the Olympic tourists as well as meeting the needs of tourists. Balancing the two issues is quite intricate given the situation of infrastructure (roads, railway line, and airports). Environment for Tour Industry Strength London boost of its capacity to receive tourists across the globe. It is one of most visited city in the world. It is a major destination for visitors because of business that it commands and leisure activ ities that many visitors acquire when they come to London. Hotel industry in London is one of flourishing sectors because of the population that they serve around the year. London has regional air services, which offer transport at reasonable costs. Olympic tourists can use the opportunity to visit in lands or other regions of the country. Opportunities London has a legacy of housing plan that can accommodate the visitors. It also command sustainable

Nanogene Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Nanogene - Essay Example From this study it is clear that  the founders came together with common interest of setting up their own company that would provide breakthrough products in the biotechnology domain such as a product to isolate specific genes responsible for a disease and further help in inventing specific treatments.   Each founder had different expertise within the same domain.   With such diversified experience and knowledge, these founders could foresee a fortune in this company and was thus expecting something similar.   All founders decided that each would draw the same salary and have equal proportion of options.   Paige Miller was an external consultant and was being considered to be hired as the VP Operations. She was expecting to earn much more than what the founders offered considering her experience, market value and the value addition should could make to NanoGene.This essay declares that a â€Å"founder† is an entrepreneur or the starter of a company based on an idea c onceived by himself.   In the present case, the ideation involves five different people and hence five founders of NanoGene Technology.   A founder is intellectually, financially and morally committed to his/her company, whereas an employee is only morally and intellectually committed to the company for which he gets financial or monetary benefits from the company.   A founder owns complete responsibility of the company and the people associated with it.   He is also obliged to follow external social, legal, cultural, and economic policies.   

Dubai Global Economy Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Dubai Global Economy - Research Paper Example Besides, Dubai is recognized as the most important emirate of UAE due to its leading reserves of oil and natural gas. The nominal GDP of UAE in the year 2008 was recorded as 815,318 (mn dirham) and real GDP 453,578 (mn dirham) which depicts a sustainable growth since the year 2002. Notably, the nominal GDP of UAE in 2002 was 272,856 (mn dirham) and real GDP 269,304 (mn dirham). In addition, Dubai is also the main trading area among other emirates of UAE, which offers a significant influence on the GDP of the economy (Sementelli, A, â€Å"Toward a Taxonomy of Disaster and Crisis Theories†). Moreover, due to emergence of free-trade zones, Dubai became one of the imperative sectors of trade for the western producers, which offered significant support for the growth of financial condition within the economy of UAE. However, due to the recession of 2009, Dubai faced substantial challenges which also affected UAE to a significant extent (refer to figure 1) (Vietor, R. H. K. & Forres t, N. â€Å"Dubai Global Economy†). Focusing on these aspects, it can be stated that Dubai is among the most important emirates and the strategies should be considered as credible being fair and constitutional. Figure 1 UAE profile (2008) Dubai Profile (2008) GDP: 84% GDP: 152% Reserves: N/A Reserves: N/A Official Reserves: 46 $ billion Official Reserves: N/A External Debt: 211 $ billion External debt: 115 $ billion Source: (Vietor, R. H. K. & Forrest, N. â€Å"Dubai Global Economy†, pp. 6) Question 2 According to Astley (2009), the most important reason which resulted in this financial disorder was the erroneous monetary policies of the United States. The monetary policies mainly concentrated on the activities of the Central Bank or any other dictatorial authorities of the country that significantly helped in determining the extent and rate of growth of fiscal supply (Sibert, â€Å"Global Imbalances and the Financial Crisi

Financing Health Care In The US Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Financing Health Care In The US - Term Paper Example Health insurance can actually be availed through an employed individual’s employer or through the employers of either the spouse or parents’, as applicable. Health insurance can also be purchased individually depending on one’s capacity or financial status, and the required scope and contents of health insurance coverage. The problem is eminently evident for those Americans who are unemployed and could not afford to purchase health insurance coverages. Further, those who are employed also opt to drop insurance coverages because of two reasons as proffered by Siegel, Mead and Burke (2008), to wit: (1) the number of employers offering health insurance benefits to their personnel (including beneficiaries) have significantly declined; and (2) those employers who offer health insurance benefits have opted to require increasing amounts of employee participation in premium payments, which are deemed by employees as virtually unaffordable. With increasing number of peopl e who opt to waive availment of health insurance coverages, more unemployed and employed people without health coverages opt to tap the government’s health packages for Medicare and Medicaid, thereby increasing the need for more financial resources to support and sustain the expenditures for this sector. Components of Health Care Sector Expenditures The paper written by Seshamani, Lambrew and Antos (2008), one of the most significant revelations was that the increasing cost in health care expenditure is accounted for by tax subsidies shouldered by the federal government from the health insurance premiums and related costs declared by employers. As indicated, the cost of tax exemptions from contributions made by employers and employees are... A more structured and plausible approach was recommended by Flier, who suggested that accurate and effective reforms could only provide the needed solution to the health care dilemma when the root causes are truly identified. In his article, the root causes were identified as: the unjust employer-based tax advantaged system, restrictions and overregulated health insurance market, and the presence of both Medicare and Medicaid programs. In this regard, Flier recommended the following: a restructuring of the tax shelter system; to encourage increased players in the delivery of both health care and insurance to decrease the exorbitant health care costs; and to evaluate and closely review the possibility of reforming both Medicare and Medicaid programs in terms of the kind and quality of expenditures, as well as closer screening of the beneficiaries to determine alternative options for cost reduction and the use of cost effective interventions, in the long run. The objective of the essay to proffer relevant and critical issues pertinent to financing and the delivery of health care services in the U.S. was hereby accomplished through provision of the current status of health care in the U.S. prior and by determining the significant components in health care expenditures that are the real culprits of the health care dilemma.  The proposed measures to reform the health care system in the US using strategies and plans should encompass policies and regulations that have the ultimate welfare of the population in mind.

Women in Politics Essay Example for Free

Women in Politics Essay It has been proven over and over many times that women have the abilities to do the same jobs as men, but as a society we tend to discourage women when they are trying to get in the fields of politics and government. No longer is the excuse that family is what is pulling women back when it comes to job opportunities, it is what society has chosen as what roles women should and shouldn’t take part in. The more we encourage women in running for offices, the more there will be women in office, and therefore we would have a broader view of issues that need to be solved. If the United States marches proudly on how its state’s people are equal and the government diversified why is that women only hold less than 20% of congressional seats, when the women population is approximately 161 million while the male population is 156.1 million? Surprisingly enough, the percentage of voters that were women in the U.S was 63.7% comparing that to men, which were 59.7%. Why are not more women being supportive of their fellow women? The benefits of having more women in office not only show how far we have come as a country but it has been proven that women who run for office have more bills passed that deal with issues like the environment, families, civil rights, and violence prevention. â€Å"Other studies have found that women legislators—both Republican and  Democrat—introduce a lot more bills than men in the areas of civil rights and liberties, education, health, labor and more.  Globally, research has shown that ethnically diverse and divided nations that elect women rather than men to key national leadership offices end up with better economic performance† (Hill). Women can bring issues of importance that men feel are not as important. This does not mean that men are inferior or ignorant of the issues; it is just the matter of different  perspectives. With more women in office, more issues can be brought to light. This introduces the people with more options to vote for and bills to pass that will help families and the economy. If all the science calculates the benefits of women in government, the only thing that hasn’t been put into consideration is society’s view on a women role. Since the dawn of ages, we have lived in a patriarchal family where men are in charge of the business and bringing food to the table, while women care and nurture for the children and her husband. â€Å"In patriarchally organized societies, masculine values become the ideological structure of the society as a whole. Masculinity thus becomes â€Å"innately† valuable and femininity serves a contrapuntal function to delineate and magnify the hierarchical dominance of masculinity† (Devor 393). When the people see a man and women running for the same position, they look to the man as having more â€Å"power† and â€Å"authority† which can then lead them to believe they can handle and control situations better. As a society we believe that the women should be submissive, and men to be dominate. When women in the workplace are more demanding they are perceived as â€Å"bossy† and having a rude manner, but when men act the same way, we let them be because we are so used to the idea of them being more assertive. These are the biases and stereotypes we as a society need to change in order to see that anyone can do the same job. A politicians gender shouldn’t effect their work habits. In media women are perceived as â€Å"emotional† and that their intentions are only focused in family issues, when in reality that is not the case. In order for society to give women opportunities in our government, we the people need to reevaluate our own thinking and perceptions. We as a society need to encourage our women to run for offices in government. According to the WCF foundation, number one reason why there are so few women in power is because on average women candidates tend to raise less money for fundraising comparing to their male counterparts. Also, on the off-chance that media isn’t reporting about the private life of a women running in office, women tend to get less media coverage, especially on the issues they are concerned with. â€Å"†¦media reports on womens issues—like abortion and birth control—men are quoted some five  times more than women are. And that affects the coverage of women in politics† (Dawn). If we can just get more media coverage on how women can contribute to politics on issues not just family issues, we can illuminate a way for people to see broader issues that need to be tended. In order for our country and people to work together we must take inconsideration of diversity in the government. The way we think and our patriarchal system needs to be reformed. As Jennifer Lawless said, â€Å"Its important that we separate out political conditions from the sex of the candidate because otherwise were just perpetuating this myth that women cant get elected. If we are continuously focusing on gender and the person who is in charge and not their ideals or what issues they are trying to combat, then we lose focus of a ‘government’. Strong- female politicians can also set an example to younger generations in the future, and create a more efficient government. Works Cited Dawn, Aurora. Percentage of Women in Government Worldwide. The Gender Gap. Daily Kos, 27 Sept. 2012. Web. 13 Feb. 2015. Devor, Aaron H. â€Å"Becoming Members of Society: Learning the Social Meanings of Gender.† Rereading America: Cultural Contexts for Critical Thinking and Writing. Ninth ed. Boston: Bedford/St.Martins, 1992. 387-396. Print. Giang, Vivian. What Men And Women Really Think About Gender Equality In The Workplace. Business Insider. Business Insider, Inc, 21 Aug. 2013. Web. 16 Nov. 2014. Hill, Steven. Why Does the US Still Have So Few Women in Office? Why Does the US Still Have So Few Women in Office? The Nation, 7 Mar. 2014. Web. 11 Feb. 2015. Kimmel, Michael. â€Å"Bros before Hos: The Guy Code.† Rereading America: Cultural Contexts for Critical Thinking and Writing. Ninth ed. Boston: Bedford/St.Martins, 1992. 461-470. Print. Waber, Ben. What Data Analytics Says About Gender Inequality in the Workplace. Bloomberg Business Week. Bloomberg, 30 Jan. 2014. Web. 16 Nov. 2014. Women by the Numbers. Infoplease. Infoplease, n.d. Web. 12 Feb. 2015.

Haagen Dazs A Successful Ice Cream Brand Marketing Essay

Haagen Dazs A Successful Ice Cream Brand Marketing Essay Haagen-Dazs is a successful organization which is an ice cream brand owned by General Mills and sold under the Nestle licensing brand in the United States. Reuben Mattus is the founder of Haagen-Dazs in Bronx, New York in 1961. He was a young entrepreneur with a passion for quality and a vision for creating the finest and purest ice cream. Initially, he worked in his mothers ice cream business selling fruit ice and ice cream in the streets of the Bronx in New York. In order to produce the finest ice cream, he insisted on using the finest and purest ingredients. By 1960, Reuben Mattus was supported by his wife Rose. He decided to form a new company dedicated to his ice cream vision and called his brand as Haagen-Dazs. Therefore, the name of Haagen-Dazs was come from Reuben Mattus. Reuben Mattus had a daughters Doris. She opened the first Haagen-Dazs shop in 1976. It was an immediate success and it become very popular led to a rapid expansion in a short period of time across the country. In 1983, Reuben Mattus agreed to sell his company- Haagen-Dazs to The Pillsbury Company, which still remained committed to the tradition superior of quality of ice cream. (HDIP.Inc) History of Baskin Robbins Baskin Robbins is an invention by two brothers-in-law; they are Mr. Burt Baskin and Mr. Irv Robbins. The main reasons motivate them to create this brand is because both of them hope can open an innovative ice-cream store that can be a good place for every family member can be gather together and this can improve the relationship between the parents and their children. These two brothers-in-law in deep love with the old fashioned ice-cream and they expect can use the highest quality of material to produce many different ice-cream flavors for their customer. In the year of 1954, Baskin Robbins defeats their competitors at the Los Angeles Country Fair and won their first Gold Medal, and then in subsequent of year, the prize of Gold Medal also wins by Baskin Robbins Ice Cream. In the mid year of 1960, Baskin Robbins has been opening more than 400 stores in United States. In year 1970, it expand their business over the United States with open their stores in many different country such as Japan, Saudi Arabia, Korea and Australia. 1.2 Companys objective In every Haagen-Dazs shop, their objective is to make your experience with us as pleasurable as possible. Every product in Haagen-Dazs is from only the finest and purest ingredients in the world. Well trained staff will gladly assist their customer in choose from extensive menu. (Haagen-Dazs) Similarly, the objective of Baskin Robbins is to provide every customer can have a deep impression and deliciously fun after enjoy the Baskin Robbins ice-cream and intend to stay Malaysians Favorite Premium Ice Cream in every way. 1.3 Board of Directors Nestle has acquired General Mills fifty percent ownership stake in Ice Cream Partners USA. The Board of Directors in Nestle S.A was Peter Brabeck-Letmathe. He is an Austrian, born in Villach on November 13, 1944. (Nestlà © 2001) On the other hand, the president of Baskin Robbins is Mr. Anthony J. Gioia and it chief brand operating office is Srinivas Kumar. The organizations 2.1 The brands / Types of products. There have different types of products sell in Haagen-Dazs that is including ice cream, ice cream bars, ice cream cakes, sorbet and frozen yogurt. (HDIP. Inc) Similarly, Baskin Robbins not only sell ice-cream, they also sell many types of dessert product like soft serve, sundaes, beverages and cakes. (Baskin Robbins) 2.2 Slogan and Logo The Slogan of Haagen-Dazs is Made like no other, which is mean only using the finest ingredients and offering the best ice cream, frozen yogurt and sorbet. The ice cream of Haagen-Dazs that is always available for the health conscious. (eHow.Inc 2010) The slogan for Baskin Robbins is 31 flavors. This idea is propose by Carson-Roberts, the advertising agency in year 1953. (Baskin Robbins 2010) 2.3 Current business development Haagen-Dazs is a famous brand of ice cream around the world. It is starting with only three flavors which are vanilla, chocolate and coffee. In 1976, the company opened their first retail shop in New York and offered franchises throughout the United States and 54 other countries around the world. (Wikipedia 2010) Nowadays, Baskin Robbins had already open 2,500 stores in USA and 2,500 stores in different country such as Australia, Canada, China, India, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Middle East, Puerto Rico, Russia and UK. It also provides more than 1000 flavors of ice-cream. Baskin Robbins lead their employee to have an opportunity to develop their ability and creativity when make a decoration to the cakes and improve their interpersonal skills when communicate with customer and even their own managerial skills. Marketing strategies 3.1 How do they market their products? The purpose of a marketing strategy is to facilitate a business to achieve and sustain a competitive advantage in the marketplace. Haagen-Dazs had adopted Marketing Mix strategies in their business. Nowadays, Haagen-Dazs had done some promotion by uses print adverts to attract customers worldwide. They have more focused on the pleasure of customer when they eating ice cream which is made from finest and purest ingredients in the world. They advertising on the focused on fact that after consumer consumed their ice cream still can maintain a great body and have a purest ingredients without add on money for it. (MM 2005) However, Baskin Robbins also do some promotion activities and campaign like do a discount promotion. They are more focused on give discount for customer to purchase more. For example when customer purchase ice-cream above RM 15, they can purchase a scoop of ice-cream at RM 0.31 only. Beside, every 31st of the month, Baskin Robbins would give 31% of discount on hand-packed ice-creams. Furthermore, to cheer up every Wednesday as a Pink Day, from 1 March until 31 March every Wednesday, when customer go to Baskin Robbins store they only need to show up anything which i s pink colour to the staff then can get a double scoop of ice-cream for a price of one single regular scoop, is pay only RM7.50 to get 2 of your favourite flavors. Place is the location which allows the organisation to spread the products and services for the customers. All Haagen-Dazss shop or cafes are usually located on prime streets or malls where there have many young adults. Besides, Haagen-Dazs always located at petrol pumps and other convenient areas where customers they can pick a scoop of ice cream while they on go. Beside, Haagen-Dazs shop or cafe always providing comfortable seat for customers and couples, bar tools, dim light bulb, rich colours to create an ambience of intimacy and love. (MM 2005) In the same way, most of the Baskin Robbins stores located in shopping malls as well where there have many young adults, family and children. Baskin Robbins stores always decorate with rich colours and provide comfortable seat for their customers. Haagen-Dazs and Baskin Robbins also distributes their products to other market like Giant, Jusco, Carrefour and etcetera, so that it is more convenience for customer to buy their ice cream in ev ery way. Price is the amount which is paid by the customer to exchange the product and service. Most of the organization offers a low price to attract customer towards its product and service and also attempt to capture the target market based on cost differentiation. However, Haagen-Dazs focused on providing finest and purest ingredients. There is no price discounts or special offers in Haagen-Dazs, for purest ingredients and heath conscious, Haagen-Dazs have not reduced price to try attracting customers. Similarly, the ice cream of Baskin Robbins is a premium ice cream with high quality ingredients. Therefore, the way of Baskin Robbins to pricing their product is higher than other ice cream such as Wall, Nestle, and Cornetto. Haagen-Dazs has produce different type of products like ice cream, ice cream bars, ice cream cakes, sorbet and frozen yogurt. They always ensure their product to maintain the luxurious taste and high quality associated with their brand by using finest and purest ingredients. It ensuring that fresh cream is used for rich creamy flavor, fresh skimmed, fresh egg-yolk and etcetera to produce a high quality ice cream. (MM 2005) They advertise that their ice cream by ensuring their ice cream is perfectly rich in finest and purest ingredients because it contains no excess air. Further, Haagen-Dazs ice cream are unlike others brands, it is no artificial colours are used. Haagen-Dazs prefers to use better natural ingredients and make sure that is healthy and safety for customers use. Baskin Robbins has also come out variety of products like ice-cream, sundaes, beverages and cakes. Whereas, they continuously do more research and development to create new flavor of ice cream every month. Like t he new flavor for this month- March is Caramel Praline Cheesecake. Nowaday, they already have more than thousand flavors of ice-cream. They also use a low fat chocolate to make their ice-cream which provide for a customer who are mad about chocolate flavor but want to maintain their body. Customer can get the dietary and nutrition information of each product, especially for the person more stress on a good health. 3.2 Advertising methods Haagen-Dazs advertisement always will be located in a high traffic area where customers will be easy catch by the advertisement through the advertisement board. Customers also will be reached through advertisements such as fliers, newspaper advertisement and through its grand opening ceremonies. Their marketing program will also be incorporated by offering special coupon prices for nearly restaurants, hotels, and shops to customers who purchase any single product at Haagen-Dazs. Major marketing will be contacted through newspaper advertisements, magazines, and flier distribution. In the same way, Baskin Robbins has adopted same advertising methods with Haagen-Dazs which is advertised through the billboard, fliers, magazines, newspapers and etcetera. Future Plans of the organization On 6 Jan 2010, Baskin Robbins makes an announcement that they already open a franchise sale in Miami, Florida, because like nowadays only two Baskin Robbins stores in Miami areas, so they expect can expand their business in this area. Salman Siddiqui, vice president of global business development, Baskin Robbins said that they will continue to provide a high-quality ice cream especially frozen desserts and beverages to deal with a higher demand in Dade and Broward countries. (PR Newswire 2010) In 1999, General Mills entered an agreement with Nestle which combined their ice cream brands in the United State in a 50/50 joint venture. (Decision news media 2001)In the future, Haagen-Dazs also have a plan to open new markets in Turkey, Egypt, and in the Gulf States and they hope can opening two to four shops in Cumberland Country locations by the end of the year. (Joe Green 2010) Conclusion The world is changing very fast; there are many competitors in the market leading to higher competition nowadays. Focus on differentiation would achieve sustainable competitive advantage. Differentiation could arise from a wide range of areas of an organization, such as, products, pricing, brands, promotion and geographic location. Price is crucial for customer to decide which same products but different brands are worth to purchase. Most of the company would search for low cost material to earn more profit. However, The Haagen-Dazs was differs from other companies. Haagen-Dazs are more focused on the pleasure of customer when they eating ice cream which is made from finest and purest ingredients. Consequently, the company becomes a super-premium brand like its product is only made from natural and purest ingredients without any artificial colourings, stabilizers or stabilizers. (Stat Counter 2008) On the other hand, Baskin Robbins is more focused on giving discount for customers. They want to provide great product for their customer with cheaper price; therefore they always have many promotions like customer can enjoy 31% of discount in every month have 31st day. Furthermore, Baskin Robbins always has many activities function such as to cheer up every Wednesday as a Pink Day, that is a way to create customers interesting toward their brand and product. Customers might feel that is interest and worth to participant to get cheaper ice cream. ( Go Out Eat 2010) Haagen-Dazs has focused on purest and finest ingredient with higher price, they has always targeted the adult market. Adults were financially independent and could make purchase decisions on their own. One of the reasons behind the brands success was the companys emphasis on market research to understand the consumers preferences, desires, and needs. Whereas, the target market of Baskin Robbins are family and children. Most of the children would like to choose Baskin Robbins because of the rich colours of Baskin Robbins is very attractive and the price is cheaper than Haagen-Dazs. The shop of Baskin Robbins can be a good place for every family member can gather together and this can improve the relationship between the parents and their children. Place is very important for company to spread their products and services for the customer. Haagen-Dazs and Baskin Robbins usually located on town, prime streets and shopping malls where there have many young adults and children. Similarly, Haagen-Dazs and Baskin Robbins have same idea which provides a comfortable environment for customers. After shopping, they can relax and enjoy their tea time in the cafà © of Haagen-Dazs or Baskin Robbins. The edge of Haagen-Dazs and Baskin Robbins is emphasis on customers needs, desire, and wants. Haagen-Dazs and Baskin Robbins also distributes their products to supermarket, so that it is more convenience for customer to buy their ice cream in every way. If discuss about flavor, the Baskin Robbins have more choices for customer compare to Haagen-Dazs because nowadays they already have more than 1000 flavors of ice-cream and every month they will create a new flavor. Haagen-Dazs has an intense focus on developing an internal and external marketing strategy. They obtained their current competitive advantage to establish premium pricing from using finest and purest ingredients to come out product excellence. They also invested in consumer research to understand the preferences and taste of their customers. (MM 2005) The brand image of the product is very important, Haagen-Dazs is do more better for this part, the outlook for their product it will let people feel like very classy. And their brand logo and color also give people the royal impression and will think that they are as true ice-cream connoisseurs. For the brand image of Baskin Robbins, for the view of people especially for family members, they will think that it is a good place they can gathering for their children like in Sunday-family day. (PeopaLove Brand Talk 2009)